ABSTRACT
Objective To explore surgical treatment of gliomas involving the motor eloquent area. Methods Twelve cases of gliomas involving precentral gyrus were underwent awake surgery procedures assis- ted with neuronavigation and brain functional mapping by cortical electrical stimulation.Results Eleven ca- ses acquired accurate location of both lesions and eloquent areas by neuronavigation and direct cortical stimula- tion.7 cases of motor cortices and 2 cases of motor speech centers were confirmed during the operation.Re- section,verified by postoperative MRI,was total in 8 cases (66.7%) and subtotal in 4 patients.Histological examination revealed an infiltrative glioma in all cases (8 low grade astrocytomas,2 high grade astrocytomas and 2 glioblastoma).Four patients had no postoperative deficit,while the other 8 patients were impaired, with,in all cases except one,complete recovery in 7 days to one month.Conclusion Direct cortical elec- trical stimulations and awake surgery offer a reliable,precise and safe method,allowing functional mapping es- pecially useful in case of infiltrative cerebral tumors in eloquent areas.This technique allows improvement in the quality of tumoral resection and concurrently a minimization of the risk of definitive postoperative neurologi- cal deficit.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in adult rats after cerebral infarction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Models of cerebral infarction in rats were made and the time-course expression of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), Musashi1, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN) were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. BrdU and Musashi1 were used to mark dividing neural stem cells. GFAP and NeuN were used to mark differentiating neural stem cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with controls, the number of BrdU-labeled and BrdU-labeled with Musashi 1-positive cells increased strikingly 1 day after cerebral infarction; approximately 6 fold with a peak 7 days later; markedly decreased 14 days later, but was still elevated compared with that of controls; decling to the control level 28 days later. The number of BrdU-labeled with GFAP-positive cells nearly remained unchanged in the hippocampus after cerebral infarction. The number of BrdU-labeled with NeuN-positive cells increased strikingly 14 days after cerebral infarction, reached maximum peak in the hippocampus 28 days after cerebral infarction in rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Cerebral infarction stimulate proliferation of inherent neural stem cells and most proliferated neural stem cells differentiate into neurons.</p>